Heating system.



PATENTED OCT. 4, 1904.

A. G. PAUL.

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.18, 1904* 5 SH EBTSSHEBT 1.

N0 MODEL.

PATENTED OUT; 4, 1904.

A. G. PAUL.

HEATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18, 1904.

6 SHEETSSHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

TOR

T NEYS \R A I $5? I I I a PATENTBD OCT. 4, 1904.

A. G. PAUL.

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.18, 1904 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N0 MODEL.

4 WM SI 6 um x WITNESSES PATENTED OCT. 4, 1904.

A. G. PAUL.

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION TILED MAR.18, 1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

WITNESSES:

No. 771,745. PATENTED OCT. 4, 1.904.

A. G. PAUL. I

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLIGATION FILED MAR.18, 1904.

N0 MODEL, 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5,

} g i i 5 1 l i 1 ,ea 1 1 1 n 'v 4 Patented October 4, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW G. PAUL, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

HEATING SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 771,745, dated October4, 1904.

Application filed March 18, 1904.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW G. PAUL, a citi- Zen of the United States,residing in Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Heating Systems, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact specification, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof.

This invention relates to a heating system wherein steam or othersuitable heating agent is circulated for the purpose of conveying andimparting heat to the places desired; and it consists in an improvedconstruction and arrangement of the parts of such a system.

The object of my invention is to control the discharge of the air andthe water of cond ensation from the radiator and also in addition tothis to control the supply of the heating vehicle thereto, and at thesame time to prevent the loss or waste of the heating vehicle throughthe discharge-pipe.

My inventionconsists, first, in the combination, in a heating system, ofa supply-pipe, a heater or radiator, and a discharge-pipe, and a valvedevice in the discharge-pipe having a suitable valve-casing providedwith a port for the discharge of the water, and a piston orfluid-pressure motor controlling said port, the valve-casing beingprovided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor, and apassage for air or gas or vapor connecting the fluid-pressure chamberwith the system on the inlet side of said motor and adapted to becontrolled by the collection of the water of condensation, and anexhausting device which is connect-ed with the fluid-pressure chamber.

My invention also consists in combining with the parts above enumerateda valve device on the supplypipe having a suitable valve-casing, asupply-port, a piston or fluidpressure motor controlling saidsupply-port,

a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said piston, anequalizing-passage connecting the chambers on opposite sides of saidpiston and an exhausting device connected with said fluid-pressurechamber.

In the best form of my invention the fluidpressure chamber of thesupply-valve is con- Serial No. 198,737. (No model.)

nected, by means of a suitable pipe, with the discharge-pipe, so thatthe piston which is connected with the supply-valve is operated by theexhauster connected with the discharge-pipe. I also employ some meansfor shutting ofi or closing said connecting-pipe when desired.

My invention also consists in employing a thermostat to control thepassage leading from the fluid-pressure chamber of the dischargevalve tothe exhausting device or to control the passage leading from thefluid-pressure chamber of the supply-valve to the exhausting device orto control both of these passages,

whereby the operation of the system can be determined and regulated bythe temperature of the apartment which is being heated or by the heatwhich is being given off by the radiator.

My invention also consists in other features of construction andcombinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

My invention is fully shown in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 shows one form of system with my improved discharge-valve onthe dischargepipe. Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the constructionof said discharge-valve. Fig. 3 shows another form of my invention inwhich my improved discharge-valve is used on the return or dischargepipe and my improved form of supply-valve is used on the supplypipe andthe fluid-pressure chamber of the supply-valve is connected with thedischargepipe. Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing another form ormodification of my dischargevalve. Fig. 5 shows a form of my system inwhich the pipe connecting the fluid-pressure chamber of the supply-valvewith the discharge-pipe is controlled by means of a thermostat hung uponthe wall of the room or in any suitable place. Fig. 6 is a sectionalview of the valve used upon the supply-pipe. Fig. 7 shows another formof my invention in which the supply-valve is controlled by a diaphragmand in which the pipe or passage connecting both fluid-pressure chamberswith the discharge-pipe is controlled by a thermostat upon the wall ofthe room. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the diaphragm controlling thesupply-valve. Fig. 9 shows another form of my invention in which thepassage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber of the discharge- Valvewith the discharge-pipe is controlled by a thermostat upon the wall.

Similar numbers denote similar parts in the different figures.

I Referring to Fig. 1, 1 is a heater or radiator. 2 is a supply-pipeprovided with any suitable form of supply-valve 3. 4 is a valve deviceon the discharge-pipe. 5 is the return or discharge pipe. 6 is anexhauster in the form of a steam-jet connected with the discharge-pipe,as shown. 7 is a tank or reservoir to receive the water of condensation.8 is a check-valve placed. in the discharge-pipe above the tank orreservoir. 9 is a cock to draw the water from the reservoir wheneverdesired. 10 is a checkwalve opening outward, so that if there is anypressure in the tank 7 it may blow out through this pipe. 11 is anordinary valve by means of which the exhauster may be cut out ofoperation. 12 is a pipe leading from the tank or reservoir through whichthe water may be pumped to the boiler or to any other point desired.

The construction of the discharge-valve is shown in Fig. 2. 13 is thevalve-casing. This valve-casing is provided with a port 14 at its lowerend for the discharge of the water. 15 is a piston or pressure-motoradapted to move up and down in said casing and provided at its lower endwith a valve 16, adapted to close the port 14. The piston 15 is madeslightly smaller than the interior of casing 13, so as to form or leavea passage 17 for air or gas or even a small quantity of vapor betweenthe piston and the wall of the casing. 18 is a fluid-pressure chamberabove the piston. The passage 17 connects the fluid-pressure chamber 18with the lower portion of the easing below the piston. 19 is a passagein the casing connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with'thedischarge-pipe 5 beyond the valve device. In the particular form ofdischargevalve shown this passage 19 opens into achamher in the lowerpart of the casing, which is on the discharge side of thewater-discharge port. 20 is a two-way valve in the passage 19, which isprovided with the handle 21. (See Fig. 1.) By turning the cock 20 thepassage 19 can be connected with the fluidpressure chamber 18 or cutoil' from said fluidpressure chamber. 23 is a spring, one end of whichbears against the upper side of the piston and the other end of whichbears against the lower surface of a screw 24. The screw 24 is providedwith a screw-thread taking in a screw-thread in the upper part of theeasing. By screwing the screw 24 in or out the tension of the spring 23can be varied and adjusted. onto the top of the casing, as shown, and tocover and protect the screw 24.

25 is a cap adapted to be screwed The operation of this form of myinvention is as follows: When any air or gas collects in the pipeleading from the radiator to the discharge-valve, it is drawn out by theoperation of the exhauster through the passage 17, the fluid-pressurechamber 18, and the pipe or passage 19 and the discharge-pipe 5 withoutcausing any motion of the piston 15. 1V hen, however, any substantialquantity of water collects in the lower part of the valve device, thiswater operates to seal the passage 17, as a result of which theexhauster produces a minus pressure or vacuumin the fluidpressurechamber 18, which causes the piston 15 to be lifted, thereby opening thewaterdischarge port 14 and causing the discharge of the water or ofwater together with air or gas. As soon as the water has been dischargedthe piston again closes. This opera tion is repeated from time to time,air or gas and water being discharged intermittently, as alreadydescribed. At the same time no substantial quantity of steam ispermitted to escape around the piston 15.

By shutting off the pipe 19 by means of the cock 20 the discharge-valvewill be closed and kept closed, so that neither air nor gas nor waterwill be drawn out from the system. It will be seen, therefore, that inthe construction just explained there is a return for the air and waterof condensation leading from the radiator, and a valve interposedbetween the outlet of the radiating device and the return, and apressure-motor for operating said valve interposed between the valve andthe outlet of the radiating device, and that the opposite sides of thismotor are acted upon, respectively, by the pressure in theradiatoroutlet and in the return, and that the pressure on the outerside of said motor-that is to say, the side away from theradiator-outletis controlled by the conditions on the inlet side of thevalve, the controlling condition in the particular case in questionbeing the accumulation of the water of condensation.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 6, the parts of the system are as alreadydescribed, with the following additions: 26 is a valve on thesupplypipe, which is constructed as shown in section in Fig. 6. 27 is asuitable casing provided with a supply-port 28 at its lower end. 29 is apiston or fluid-pressure motor,which is made somewhat smaller than thecasing, so as to form an equalizing-passage 30 between the piston andthe wall of the casing. This piston carries the valve 129 at its lowerend. 31 is a fluid-pressure chamber above the piston. 32 is the branchpipe leading from the supplyvalve to the radiator. 33 is a springbearing upon-the upper end of the piston 30 and adapted to be regulatedas to the tension by the screw 34, which screws into the top of thecasing. 35 is a cap adapted to be screwed to the top of the casing, soas to cover and protect the screw 34. In Fig. 3, 36 is a pipe connectingthe fluid-pressure chamber of the supply-valve with the dischargepipe 5.This pipe is provided with a shut-off valve 37.

The operation of the form of system shown in Figs. 3 and 6 is as alreadyexplained so far as the discharge of water and air or gas through thedischarge valve is concerned. The exhauster connected with thedischargepipe acting through the pipe 36 produces a vacuum or minuspressure in the fluid-pressure chamber of the supply-valve and causesthe piston 29 to rise, and thus open the supply-port 28. When it isdesirable to shut off the radiator, the valve 37 is closed, as a resultof which the exhauster is no longer connected with the fluid-pressurechamber 31, and the pressure in the fluid-pressure chamber 31 is quicklyequalized with the pressure in the supply-pipe underneath the piston bythe passage of steam or vapor through the equalizingpassage 30. As soonas these pressures are equalized the valve closes. Meanwhile the air orgas and water are discharged intermittently through the valve 4, asalready explained. If desired, a separate exhauster can be connectedwith the fluid-pressure chamber of the supply-valve by means of asuitable connecting-pipe; but I prefer to use the exhauster connectedwith the discharge-pipe.

In Fig. 4 a modification of the dischargevalve is shown, in which thepassage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the discharge-pipe isformed in the middle of the piston itself (see 38) instead of beingformed in the side of the casing, as in the form shown in Fig. 2. 39 isa screw in the upper part of the piston by means of which the size ofthe passage 38 can be varied or regulated.

Referring to Fig. 5, the parts shown therein are constructed as alreadydescribed, including the supply-valve on the supply-pipe, such as isshown in section in Fig. 6, and a discharge-valve on the discharge-pipe,such as is shown in section in Fig. 2. The pipe 36, instead of beingconnected with the dischargepipe 5 below the discharge-valve, isconnected with the passage 19 of the discharge-valve at its upper endabove the valve 20. 40 is a thermostat hung upon the wall of the room orat any suitable point and constructed in the usual manner and adapted,by means of an electric circuit and battery and electromagnet, as shown,to open and close the valve 41 in the pipe 36. When the heat of the roomreaches the desired point, the circuit is closed, and the valve 41 isthereby closed, as a result of which the supply-valve is shut, thuspreventing the admission of any more steam to the radiator. By shuttingthe valve 20 both the supply-valve and return-valves are closed.Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, the parts shown therein are as alreadydescribed, except that the supply-valve 42 is controlled by a diaphragm43, which is supported in a suitable frame or casing 44, provided with afluid-presliable to get out of order.

sure chamber 45. Pipe 36 connects with this fluid-pressure chamber. Thediaphragm is pressed upwardly by means of a spring 46, the tension ofwhich can be regulated by a screw 47. 48 is an arm attached to the dia-.phragm 43 and pivoted to the lever 49. The lever 49 is pivotallysupported at 50 by an arm projecting from the casing. The other end ofthe lever is connected with a rod 51, which carries the supply-valve atits lower end. 52 is a screw adapted to limit the motion of the lever 49or to force the lever down, so as to close the valve when desired. 43 isa small vent leading into the fluid-pressure chamber 45, by means ofwhich the atmospheric pressure is admitted to that chamber when theconnection with the exhauster is shut off.

In the system just explained when the room becomes sufliciently heatedthe thermostat closes the valve 20, shutting off the exhauster from bothfluid-pressure chambers. As a result of this both the supply-valve andthe return-valve are closed. WVhen the temperature of the room fallsbelow the desired point, valve 20 is opened, and the exhauster operatesto open the supply-valve and also to remove air or gas and water, asalready explained, intermittently through the return-valve.

InFig. 9 a system is shown in which an ordinary valve is used upon thesupply-pipe, and the passage 19 of the discharge-valve is operated by athermostat on the wall of the room.

Some of the advantages secured by my improved system are as follows: Thewater and air or gas are intermittently and positively removed from theradiator or heater whenever they collect in any considerable quantity atthe discharge-valve. This is done not only efficiently, buteconomically. The construction of the discharge-valve is simple and notWhen the supplyvalve is employed in combination with thedischarge-valve, the supply of steam to the ra-' diator is easilycontrolled and regulated. By employing a thermostat to control the pipesand passage leading to the exhausting apparatus the operation of thesystem is accurately adjusted in reference to the temperatures which aredesired in the rooms being heated, and economy is secured in the amountof the heating-vehicle employed.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, avalve device in said discharge-pipe having asuitable valve-casing, provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluid-pressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor,a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the system on theinlet side of said motor and &

adapted to be controlled by the collection of the water of condensation,and an exhausting device in communication with the fluidpres surechamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator,a dischargepipe, avalve device in said discharge-pipehaving asuitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a piston controlling said port, the valve-casing being providedwith a fluid-pressure chamber above 7 said piston, the valve devicebeing provided with a passage between the piston and the wall of thecasing adapted to be sealed by an accumulation of water of condensation,and an exhausting device in communication with the fluid-pressurechamber, substantially as set forth.

3. In a heating system, the combination of a supply pipe, a heater orradiator, a discharge pipe, a valve device in said discharge-pipehavinga suitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motorand with a second chamber on the other side of said motor, a passageconnecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the chamber on the other sidef the motor and adapted to be controlled by an accumulation of water ofcondensation, an exhausting device in communication with thefluid-pressure chamber, and a spring adapted to move the motor so as toclose the dischargeport for the water, substantially as set forth. 4. Ina heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, avalve device in said discharge-pipehaving asuitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said. port, the valve-casingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor,and with a second chamber on the other side of said motor, a passageconnecting the fluidpressure chamber with the chamber on the other sideof the motor and adapted to be controlled by an accumulation of water ofcondensation, an exhausting device in communication with theiiuid-pressure chamber, and a spring adapted to move the motor so as toclose the discharge-port for the water, and means to regulate thetension of the spring, substantially as set forth.

5. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, a valve device in said d ischargepipe havinga suitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor,a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the system on theinlet side of said motor and adapted to be controlled by the collectionof the water of condensation, a passage connecting the fluid-pressurechamber with the discharge-pipe beyond the valve device, and anexhausting device connected with the discharge-pipe, substantially asset forth.

6. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, a valve device in said discharge-pipe havingasuitablevalve-casing and provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port,the valvecasing beingprovided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor, andwith a second chamber on the other side of said motor, the valve devicebeing provided with a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber withthe chamber on the other side of the motor and adapted to be sealed byan accumulation of water of condensation, and a passage connecting thefiuid-pressure chamber with the discharge-pipe beyond the valve device,a cock on said passage, and an exhausting device connected with thedischarge-pipe, substantially as set forth.

7. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, a valve device in said discharge-pipe havinga suitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber 011 one side of said motor,a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the system. on theinlet side of said motor and adapted to be controlled by the collectionof the water of condensation, an exhausting device in communication withthe fluid-pressure chamber, a valve device on the supply-pipe having asuitable valve-casing provided with a supply-port, a fluid-pressuremotor controlling said supply-port, the valve-casing being provided witha fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor, anequalizing-passage connecting the chambers on the opposite sides of saidmotor, and an exhausting device in communication with saidfluid-pressure chamber, substantially as set forth.

8. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe,aheater orradiator-,adischargepi pe,a valve device in said discharge-pipehaving asuitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor,a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the system on theinlet side of said motor, and adapted to be controlled by the collectionof the water of condensation, a passage connecting the fluid-pressurechamber with the discharge-pipe beyond the valve device, an exhaustingdevice connected with the dischargepipe, a valve device in thesupply-pipe having a fluid-pressure motor controlling the supply-portand having a fluid-pressure chamber IIC on one side of said motor, apipe connecting said fluid pressure chamber with the discharge-pipe,means for closing said connecting-pipe and an equalizing-passage forequalizing the pressures on the opposite sides of said motor,substantially as set forth.

9. In a heating system, the Combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe,a valve device in said discharge-pipe having asuitable valve-casing provided. with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor,a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the system on theinlet side of said motor, and adapted to be controlled by the collectionof the water of condensation, an exhausting device, a pipe connectingthe exhausting-pipe with the fluid-pressure chamber, and a thermostatadapted to control said connectingpipe, substantially as set forth.

' 10. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, a valve device in the said discharge-pipehaving a suitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge ofthe water, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor,apassage connecting the fluid pressure chamber with the system on theinlet side of said motor and adapted to be controlled by the collectionof the water of condensation, an exhausting device connected with thefluid-pressure chamber, a valve device on the supply-pipe having asuitable valve-casing provided with a supplyport, a fluid-pressure motorcontrolling said supply-port, the valve-casing being provided with afluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor, an equalizing-passageconnecting the chambers on opposite sides of said motor, an exhaustingdevice in communication with said fluid-pressure chamber, and athermostat adapted to control the connections between the exhaustingdevice or devices and the fluidpressure chambers, substantially as setforth.

11. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, a valve device in said discharge-pipe havinga suitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of theWater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valve-casingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on one side of said motor,a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the system on theinlet side of said motor, and adapted to be sealed by an accumulation ofwater of condensation, a passage connecting the fluid-pressure chamberwith the discharge-pipe beyond the valve device, a valve on thesupply-pipe having a suitable valve-casing provided with a supply-port,a fluid-pressure motor controlling said supplyport, the valve-casingbeing provided with a fluid -pressure chamber on one side of said motor,an equalizing-passage connecting the chambers on opposite sides of saidmotor, a pipe connecting the fluid-pressure chamber of the supply-valvewith the discharge-pipe, a valve controlling said pipe, a thermostatadapted to control said valve, and an exhauster connected with thedischarge-pipe, substantially as set forth.

12. Ina heating system, the combination of a radiating device, adischarge-pipe, a valve interposed between the outlet of the radiatingdevice and the discharge-pipe, a pressure-m0- tor for operating saidvalve, having its opposite sides acted upon respectively by thepressures in the radiator-outlet and the dischargepipe, the pressure onthe outer side of said motor being controlled by the conditions on theinlet side of the valve, and an exhausting device connected with thedischarge-pipe, substantially as set forth.

13. In aheating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, a valve device in said discharge-pipe havinga suitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on the outer side of saidmotor, the inner side of said motor being exposed to pressure on theinlet side of the valve device, the valve device being provided with apassage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the inlet side of thedevice, the passage being automatically controlled by the conditions onthe inlet side of said device to control the differential pressuresacting on the motor, and an exhausting device in communication with thefluid-pressure chamber, substantially as set forth.

14.. In a heating system, the combination of a supply-pipe, a heater orradiator, a dischargepipe, a valve device in said discharge-pipe havinga suitable valve-casing provided with a port for the discharge-of thewater, a fluidpressure motor controlling said port, the valvecasingbeing provided with a fluid-pressure chamber on the outer side of saidmotor, the inner side of said motor being exposed to the pressure on theinlet side of the valve device, the valve device being provided with apassage connecting the fluid-pressure chamber with the inlet side of thedevice, the passage being automatically controlled by the accumulationof water of condensation, and an exhausting device in communication withthe fluid-pressure chamber, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDREI/V G. PAUL.

Witnesses:

ELLA G. BIRTWELL, GEORGE D. I/VILDES.

